With over 40 years of company formation experience since 1984, Koh Management provides tailored constitutional drafting rather than standard off-the-shelf templates, protecting founder equity, shareholder voting rights, and minority protections. We incorporate private limited companies within 24 hours of name clearance.
| Entity Structure |
Legal Liability |
Tax Status & Incentives |
Best Suited For |
| Private Limited Company (Pte. Ltd.) |
Limited to share capital; separate legal entity from shareholders. |
17% headline tax; qualifies for Start-Up Tax Exemption (SUTE) up to S$100k. |
High-growth startups, SMEs, foreign businesses, and VC-backed ventures. |
| Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) |
Partners have limited liability for other partners' wrongful acts. |
Pass-through taxation (partners taxed at personal income tax rates). |
Professional partnerships (lawyers, architects, accountants, consultants). |
| Sole Proprietorship |
Unlimited personal liability for all business debts and losses. |
Taxed at owner's personal income tax rate (0% to 24%). |
Individual freelancers and micro-operators with low commercial liability. |
Statutory Pre-Requisites for Singapore Incorporation:
- Minimum 1 resident director (Singapore Citizen, PR, or EntrePass/EP holder). Nominee director service available.
- Minimum 1 shareholder (foreign individuals or corporate entities permitted with 100% foreign ownership).
- Qualified locally resident Company Secretary appointed within 6 months under Section 171.
- Minimum initial paid-up capital of SGD 1.00.
- Physical registered commercial office address in Singapore.
ACRA Statutory Governance
Corporate Secretarial & Annual Return Filings
Appoint Secretary
Section 171 of the Singapore Companies Act requires every company to designate a qualified corporate secretary. Koh Management provides dedicated senior compliance officers who maintain your statutory registers, prepare board resolutions, and manage mandatory ACRA Annual Return filings on time, every time.
| Statutory Filing Milestone |
Prescribed ACRA Deadline |
Consequence of Non-Compliance |
Koh Management Action |
| Annual General Meeting (AGM) |
Within 6 months after financial year-end (FYE). |
Statutory default, composition fines under Sec 175. |
Draft AGM minutes, notice, and directors' approvals. |
| ACRA Annual Return (with AGM) |
Within 7 months after financial year-end. |
Late fees escalating from S$300 to S$600+. |
Digital filing via BizFile+ with updated share capital. |
| ACRA Annual Return (AGM Dispensed) |
Within 5 months after financial year-end. |
Late lodging penalty and director demerit points. |
Draft Section 175A written resolutions and submit. |
| Register of Controllers (RORC) |
Update within 2 business days of confirmation. |
Criminal fines up to S$5,000 for non-compliance. |
Maintain secure internal and ACRA central registers. |
| Company Striking-Off (Sec 344) |
5-month statutory review and gazette procedure. |
Rejection if tax liabilities or active bank accounts exist. |
Full IRAS tax clearance, asset clearing, and ACRA lodgment. |
Under Section 199 of the Companies Act, businesses must retain accounting records and source vouchers for at least 5 years. Our certified accounting specialists compile full monthly, quarterly, or annual sets of accounts compliant with Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (SFRS).
Monthly Bookkeeping
Designed for active trading, retail, and tech enterprises needing real-time cash flow oversight, bank reconciliations, aging ledgers, and month-end P&L reports.
Quarterly Bookkeeping
Ideal for GST-registered entities filing quarterly GST Form F5 returns, ensuring continuous input/output tax alignment without year-end reconciliation scrambles.
Annual Bookkeeping
Cost-effective solution for investment holding entities, dormant companies, or businesses with low transaction volumes requiring annual financial compilation.
Through our specialized cloud accounting affiliate, K Cloud Accounting Pte Ltd, we provide authorized Xero and QuickBooks ProAdvisor onboarding, automated bank transaction feeds, and paperless expense capture.
Fiscal Optimization
IRAS Corporate Income Tax, GST & Commission Planning
Consult Tax Lead
We manage your complete fiscal interface with the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS), ensuring legitimate tax minimization while maintaining 100% compliance with corporate and personal tax laws.
| Tax Return Form |
Statutory Filing Deadline |
Scope & Eligibility |
Key Tax Exemption |
| Estimated Chargeable Income (ECI) |
Within 3 months of financial year-end. |
Mandatory unless qualifying for waiver (ECI NIL & revenue ≤ S$5M). |
Early filing allows up to 10 GIRO installment payments. |
| Form C-S / Form C-S Lite |
30 November annually via myTax Portal. |
Singapore-incorporated companies with annual revenue ≤ S$5 million. |
Start-Up Tax Exemption (SUTE): 75% on first $100k, 50% on next $100k. |
| Form C (Complex Corporate) |
30 November annually via myTax Portal. |
Companies with revenue > S$5M, group relief, or foreign tax credits. |
Partial Tax Exemption (PTE) + allowable capital allowances. |
| GST Form F5 (Quarterly) |
Within 1 month after quarter close. |
Compulsory if turnover exceeds S$1M; voluntary options available. |
Input tax recovery on qualifying business expenses. |
| Realtor & Insurance Tax Advisory |
Form B / Form B1 tax season. |
Commission-based agents at PropNex, ERA, Prudential, AIA, etc. |
Deductible motor vehicle, advertising, and corporate entity transition. |
Human Capital Compliance
Outsourced Payroll Administration & Work Passes
Outsource Payroll
Avoid severe penalties under the Employment Act and CPF Act. We handle end-to-end payroll processing, calculate statutory deductions, submit monthly CPF contributions by the 14th of each month, generate itemized digital payslips, and process foreign talent work passes.
Monthly Payroll & CPF Submissions
Calculation of gross-to-net salary, variable bonuses, overtime under Employment Act, Skills Development Levy (SDL), and CPF contributions via CPF EZPay.
From S$15 per employee / month
Employment Pass (EP) & COMPASS
Advisory on the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) COMPASS point-based framework (salary benchmarking, qualifications, diversity, and local employment support) for executives earning ≥ SGD 5,000/mo.
Complete MOM Application Support
S Pass & Work Permit Applications
Quota assessment against Dependency Ratio Ceilings (DRC), fixed monthly salary checks (≥ SGD 3,150), foreign worker levies, and medical insurance compliance.
Fast Track Quota Verification
In collaboration with our affiliated certified public accounting practice, we deliver independent statutory assurance tailored to Singapore regulations, eliminating compliance friction for small enterprises and commercial tenants.
| Assurance Vertical |
Governing Legal Framework |
Mandatory Threshold or Requirement |
Deliverable Report |
| Small Company Statutory Audit |
Singapore Companies Act |
Required if failing small company criteria (>S$10M revenue, >S$10M assets, >50 staff). |
Independent Auditor’s Report for ACRA AGM & IRAS. |
| Group Company Consolidation Audit |
SFRS 10 / SFRS 110 |
Multi-entity groups, holding companies, and cross-border subsidiaries. |
Consolidated financial statement audit with elimination schedules. |
| MCST Maintenance Fund Audit |
Building Maintenance & Strata Management Act (BMSMA) |
Mandatory annual audit for all condo & commercial MCST developments. |
Management Fund & Sinking Fund audit report for AGM. |
| Sales / Gross Turnover (GTO) Lease Audit |
Commercial Lease Agreements (CapitaLand, Frasers, Mapletree REITs) |
Mandatory periodic audit certifying retail & F&B tenant gross revenue. |
Certified Independent Auditor’s Report on Gross Turnover. |
| Non-Profit, Charity & IPC Audit |
Charities Act & Sector Administrator Guidelines |
Mandatory for registered charities, IPC institutions, and foundation funds. |
Statutory audit ensuring 30/70 fundraising rule compliance. |
Scale beyond Singapore. We advise on government co-funding via Enterprise Singapore and facilitate direct corporate incorporation across major regional hubs:
Enterprise Singapore Grants
Productivity Solutions Grant (PSG) up to 50% co-funding, Enterprise Development Grant (EDG), and Market Readiness Assistance (MRA) up to 70% / S$100,000.
Malaysia Setup (SSM)
Incorporation of Sendirian Berhad (Sdn. Bhd.) entities, corporate bank accounts, and cross-causeway corporate tax structuring.
Vietnam Setup & IT Outsource
100% foreign-owned LLC/JSC registration, investment certificates (IRC/ERC), dedicated software talent sourcing, and factory vetting.
Dubai & UAE Free Zones
0% personal tax, 100% foreign ownership within DIFC, JAFZA, and DMCC Free Zones, strategic bridge to EMEA markets.
